Base, the Ethereum Layer 2 platform launched by Coinbase in 2023, has rapidly gained traction, outperforming other L2 networks in transaction volume and Total Value Locked (TVL). However, Solana remains a dominant competitor, despite recent challenges such as token inflation and network outages.
To compete, Base developers have introduced Flashblocks - a solution that reduces block creation time from two seconds to 200 milliseconds. Flashblocks stream pre-confirmed blocks, enhancing transaction speed and reducing cancellation risks. Similar technology has already been implemented on Uniswap's Unichain, cutting block time to 0.25 seconds.
Flashblocks leverage advanced block propagation techniques, inspired by Solana’s “shreds” and Celestia’s “data squares.” The system also includes Rollup Boost - an Optimism stack upgrade that enables external block creation, enhancing Base’s scalability and transaction throughput.
A step toward scalable layer 3 solutions
Base has also introduced Appchains - custom blockchains operating as Layer 3 (L3) networks built on the OP Stack. Appchains offer dedicated block space, faster finalization, and customizable fee models. These features make Base more competitive with Solana's high throughput and low-cost structure.
Appchains are designed for high-demand applications such as gaming, decentralized finance (DeFi), and tokenization. Unlike general-purpose blockchains, Appchains allow developers to control network fees, transaction logic, and gas tokens - improving efficiency and scalability.
Base’s infrastructure includes:
- Op-Enclave - a secure execution environment based on AWS Nitro Enclaves that confirms state instantly and sends state roots to the main chain.
- Fully managed sequencers and nodes - enterprise-grade infrastructure that supports low-latency, high-throughput processing.
- Developer-focused pricing - competitive fee models designed to attract and retain application developers.
Projects already using Appchains include gaming platforms like Blocklords, Super Champs, and Metacade, as well as tokenization platforms like Proof 8 and MVL.
Smart wallets and enhanced user experience
Base’s Smart Wallet Sub Accounts offer a streamlined user experience by allowing multiple wallets to be managed under one interface. This reduces the need for repeated approvals and simplifies transaction management.
Smart Wallets consolidate spending rights and hierarchical ownership structures under a single ERC framework. This improves usability and makes transaction execution faster and more secure. The solution is expected to go live on the mainnet in Q2 2025.
Base vs. Solana - performance comparison
Base currently processes around 120 transactions per second (TPS), with a theoretical maximum of 1,429 TPS. In contrast, Solana’s real-world TPS averages 976, with a recorded high of 2,909 TPS - nearly five times faster than Base. Solana also boasts lower transaction fees and shorter block times (0.4 seconds vs. 2 seconds).
|
Metric |
Base |
Solana |
Difference |
|
Real TPS |
120 |
976 |
8.1x higher on Solana |
|
Peak TPS |
616 |
2,909 |
4.7x higher on Solana |
|
Theoretical TPS |
1,429 |
65,000+ (after Firedancer) |
46x higher on Solana |
|
Block Time |
2 seconds |
0.4 seconds |
80% faster on Solana |
|
Transaction Fees |
~$0.06 |
<$0.01 |
6x lower on Solana |
|
Finalization Time |
16 minutes |
12.8 seconds |
98% faster on Solana |
Base benefits from Ethereum’s security and compatibility with EVM-based applications, making it easier for developers to migrate existing projects. However, Solana’s faster transaction speeds and lower fees provide a competitive edge for microtransactions and high-frequency trading.
The firedancer factor
Solana's anticipated Firedancer upgrade, developed by Jump Crypto, could increase TPS beyond 65,000, further widening the performance gap. Firedancer is expected to improve decentralization and network reliability, reinforcing Solana’s position as a leading high-performance blockchain.
Strategic outlook
Base’s strength lies in its security and developer-friendly environment, backed by Ethereum's ecosystem. Solana’s edge comes from its high throughput and low fees, which make it ideal for consumer-facing applications.
The outcome of this competition will depend on how effectively each platform scales and adapts to future market demands. While Base is positioned as the most secure and compatible EVM network, Solana’s speed and cost advantages make it a formidable competitor in the race for blockchain dominance.
